North Carolina Women Through History
March is Women's History Month. Here is a brief look at some notable women in North Carolina's rich history.
Virginia Dare
Virginia Dare is known as the
first English child born in the New World. Born August 18, 1587, her parents
were Ananias Dare and Elinor White, John White’s daughter. She would become
part of the “Lost Colony” when her grandfather went back to England for
supplies and came back to find the Roanoke Colony gone. She was called Virginia
after the new land they claimed for England, which they named after the “Virgin
Queen,” Elizabeth I. Since the colony was never heard from again, Virginia’s
date of death is unknown.
Dolley Madison
Dolley Payne Madison was born
May 20, 1768, in the Quaker community of New Garden, North Carolina, which
would be in Greensboro today. When just a toddler, Dolley’s family moved back
to a plantation in eastern Virginia, where she grew up until she turned fifteen
and her father moved the family to Philadelphia. After some problems, Dolley
married John Todd, a Quaker lawyer, and they had two sons. However, John and
one son died of a yellow fever epidemic in 1793, and she married James Madison
in 1794. He became the Secretary of State under Jefferson and then the
President of the United States in 1809. History often remembers Dolley as the
First Lady who saved some of the White House's important portraits when the
British burned parts of Washington, DC, in the War of 1812, although others
also played an important role in that.
Cornelia Phillips Spencer
Although born in Harlem, New
York City, in March of 1825, when Cornelia Phillips Spencer was just a year
old, her father accepted a position teaching math at the University of North
Carolina at Chapel Hill and moved his family there. She married James Monroe
Spencer in 1855 and they moved to Alabama, but he died in 1861, and Cornelia
moved back to Chapel Hill. There she wrote for newspapers and penned her first
book. When the university closed during reconstruction in 1870, she agreed with
the decision to try to avoid the political upheaval, but she worked to have it
reopen in 1875. She was the first woman awarded an honorary degree from the
university and died in 1908.
Charlotte Hawkins Brown was
born in Henderson, North Carolina, in 1883, but she was educated in
Massachusetts. Her first job was teaching African-American children at the
Bethany Institute back in Sedalia, North Carolina, but the American Missionary
Association decided to close it down the year after she started. Charlotte
worked hard to establish her own school for the children. She eventually opened
the Palmer Memorial Institute as both a day and boarding school. She received
national attention for her dedicated efforts and became a popular lecturer and
speaker. She died in Greensboro in 1971.
Marie Watters Coleman
Born in Charlotte in 1922 and
graduating from the UNC with a major in romance languages, Marie Watters
Coleman became a code-breaker for the army during WWII. Her husband’s
involvement in politics after they moved to Asheville led her to become interested,
and she sat in the North Carolina House of Representatives from 1978 until
1994, becoming Speaker Pro Tempore for the last four years. She died in 2018.
Katie G. Dorsett
Born in Mississippi in 1932,
Katie G. Dorsett attended several universities before finishing her doctorate
at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro. She stayed in North
Carolina, becoming a state senator and eventually Majority Whip. After
retiring, she remained active in community affairs around Greensboro and was
inducted to the North Carolina Women’s Hall of Fame in 2010.
Nina Simone
Taking the stage name of Nina
Simone, Eunice Kathleen Wayman was born in Tryon, North Carolina in 1933. Her
father was a preacher. With the help of a few local people who recognized her
musical talent, she enrolled in the Julliard School of Music in New York. Along
the way to success, she ran into some opposition that she thought came from
racial prejudice. Not only did she make a name for herself as a versatile
musician of many different genres, but she also became active in the Civil
Rights Movement. She died in 2003 in France.
Elizabeth Dole
Mary Elizabeth Alexander
Hanford Dole was born in Salisbury, North Carolina, on July 29, 1936. She
graduated with distinction from Duke University in 1958 with a political
science major and did post-graduate work at Oxford. She also got a master’s
degree in education from Harvard followed by a law degree. Elizabeth married
Robert Dole in 1975. She’s held numerous political offices, including
Commissioner of the Federal Trade Commission, Secretary of Transportation,
Secretary of Labor, and U.S. Senator from North Carolina. She also helped her
husband run for President in 1996, and she started to run in 2000 but pulled
out before the primaries due to lack of funds and low poll ratings. She was a
senator from 2003–2009.
Justice Sarah Parker
Sarah Parker was born in
Charlotte and attended Meredith College and graduated from the University of
North Carolina in Chapel Hill. After graduation, she served in the Peace Corps
in Turkey before coming back home to get her law degree from UNC. She served
for several years on the North Carolina Supreme Court. In 2006, Governor Mike
Easley appointed Sarah as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court and she held the
position for most of the time until she retired in 2014.
Born in Virginia, Beverly
Marlene Moore Perdue ended up settling in New Bern, North Carolina. She began
her political career as a state representative and then a senator. In 2000, she
successfully ran for lieutenant governor, where she cast the tie-breaking vote
for the state lottery. She became the Governor of North Carolina in 2008.
Patricia Timmons-Goodson
Pat Timmons-Goodson was born
in Florence, South Carolina in 1954, the daughter of a soldier. She attended
the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and Duke University Law School.
Pat served as an assistant district attorney before becoming a district judge
in 1984. Governor Jim Hunt appointed her to the North Carolina Court of Appeals
and after she retired, Governor Mike Easley appointed her to the North Carolina
Supreme Court in 2006, where she became the first African-American woman to
serve there. She was inducted into the North Carolina Women’s Hall of Fame in
2010 and now serves as Vice Chair on the U. S. Commission on Civil Rights.
Jennifer Pharr Davis
Jennifer Pharr Davis was born
in Hendersonville, North Carolina in 1985. She attended Samford University and
has received national attention as a long-distance hiker. She has walked over
1,200 miles on trails worldwide, including the Appalachian, Pacific Crest,
Colorado, and the Long Trails in the United States and others in Australia,
South America, and Europe and set records as well. She has been National
Geographic’s Adventurer of the Year and an Ambassador for the American Hiking
Society. In addition, she is an author and speaker.
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